BOOK REVIEWS
Native
American Flute:
Understanding
the Gift
by John
Vames
An Interactive Guide for learning to Play
Includes Instructional text, Audio CD and 25
Songs, 3rd Edition
For
ALL Students of the Native American Flute: for the Beginner who has
little or no experience, the Intermediate player seeking further
knowledge of how music works, and the Advanced player who wants to teach
others but up until now did not have a clear-cut format to do so successfully.
Part 1 – Easy to follow instruction
includes lessons on finger control, breath control, knowing your flute,
embouchure, basic notes, tonguing and slurring, the Native American Scale,
creating your own melodies, ornamentations, duration, reading Music, Nakai
tablature, and the Major scale.
Part 2 - Includes 25 Songs arranged for Native American Flute: traditional,
Native American and Original.

Appendices, which include: Useful Scales
for Native American Flute. Analysis of the Major Scale, Rhythmic Values and
Flute care.
PLUS: 39 Track Interactive Audio CD -
Demonstrating techniques and easy-to-play instructions.
104 pages. Available in
Spiral or Perfect Bound
Stock No.: 13- 978-0-9740486-3-5
Retail $29.95
Shipping in USA: $6.95 Via Priority Mail
Shipping International: $14.95 (global priority)
The author, John Vames is a
professional musician and music educator with over 40 years experience. He has
started hundreds of people on successful ‘flute journeys’ with the methods in
this book.
Here's a Real Bargain!
Beginners and
Intermediate Players
Get the 104- page
book, "Native American Flute: Understanding
the Gift", the
39 Track Interactive Audio CD...
PLUS.... A beautifully made 6 Hole, pine, A minor,
flute handcrafted by
a Navajo carver --
in your choice of color and
fetish fret.
And, a handcrafted fleece
pipe bag -- all for one very low price!
|
More
Recommended Reading:
Click
on the book of your choice
POETRY CIRCLE...
Candle Glow
By
Momfeather Erickson
Lighting a candle sets the
mood for many things.
The most beautiful for me
is getting in touch with myself.
I want to
celebrate my being, my
path, my life, how much I have learned,
and the mistakes that I
have made.
The rewards can be seen in
the warm glow of the candle.
I cradle myself in fetal
form to create the once presence of my mother’s
heartbeat.
The precious time of purity
and innocence of birth.
The soft glow of the candle
reminds me to return in gentle spirit to a peaceful
heart.
I know that I am never
alone.
The Creator is forever at
my side and divinity flows through all things.
Returning my thoughts to
the candle glow
I am again reminded of the
precious gifts of life.
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HEALING
PRAYER
BASKET
Prayer
and ceremony work. Creator heals and brings peace.
Prayer Needed - Sickness, Injury,
Troubles...
Zach Yellow Jacket Kehler (IL)
Diagnosed with a very serious medical
problem. I am asking that you include him in
prayer. Many of you know Yellow Jacket, he
has been involved in our Powwow for many
years. His mother said he will still be able
to be our 2009 Arena Director but he will
most likely be in a lot of pain. Please pray
for him. Wado ~Daniel Seven Hawk Eyes
Hoffman 05-27-09
Brian Leviticus, Memphis, TN
informed today that cancer has gone into his
bone marrow and has about five weeks to
live. We know where there is still
life there is hope. We also know that
if God made us he can heal us. So I am
asking all to help us pray for Brian and
pray he keeps the faith. ~Helen Red
Wing 05-19-09
Ernie Zook,
50, Hot Springs, AR is at St. Joseph
Hospital in critical condition. Ernie is
well-known as the audio producer for Manataka
Gatherings. His giving, happy spirit is a
blessing to many people. Please offer up
prayers for this kind and gentle man. ~Bear
05-17-09
Grandfather William Commanda
- Admitted to the Queensway Carleton Hospital in
Canada where he is undergoing treatment for a
sudden attack of internal bleeding. 05-12-09
Dennis Banks, American Indian activist, had
a heart attack on the plane to Phoenix May 11
and is in the hospital there for minor surgery
to place two stints in his heart. Doctors say
Banks will make a full recovery. Put him
on your prayer list.
Well-wishers may send cards and flowers to:
Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center,
1111 E. McDowell Road,
Phoenix, AZ 85006-2612,
but he is expected to be released from the
hospital soon. ~Tashina Banks Moore 05-11-09
Stella Fisher,
Banning, CA - Underwent gall bladder surgery
and doctors discovered an intestinal hernia so two
surgeries were performed. Stella is recovering at
home, but remains in much pain. Please pray for
the speedy recovery of our blessed sister. ~Bear
05-11-09
Linda VanBibber, Independence, MO - underwent
gall bladder surgery and is recovering at home.
Linda is the grandmother matriarch of her family and
holds responsible position with her career work, family
and at Manataka. We offer up our prayers and well
wishes to our beloved and wonderful sister. ~Bear,
Becky, Amanda 05-10-09
Thomas (Tommy) E. Young, Center Director, Arkansas
Native Plant & Wildlife Center, also Ornithologist,
Master Falconer
was in the hospital 3 weeks, has a hospital bill of
$25,000 and no medical insurance due to Rocky Mountain
Spotted Fever. Tommy's house was hit by a tornado
April 8, 2009, and due to severe damage, cannot be
renovated though he and his wife will continue to live
in it until it is condemned because they have no other
housing or resources with which to move. Many
birds at Tommy's Wildlife Center were housed on his home
property at the time of the tornado because he was in
the process of rebuilding their accommodations at the
Wildlife Center; thus they were all destroyed by the
storm. When he is well, he will have to confront the
rebuilding of the Wildlife Center. ~Caryl F. Burnett
05-05-09
Jay King, West Virginia
Jay is doing fine his mind is clear but when he lies
down in the bedroom and the TV is off he sees a man on
it talking but he can't understand what he is saying.
Please pray for him. ~Ruth King 05-01-09
Lenore Tuni,
My daughter
has pain underneath her feet, when
her bone is touches the ground. Now, she is going
medicine man, getting help. Please pray for her, that
she heals up soon. I’m single parent, of four kids. She
works to pay her car and works everyday, even though She
is in pain. Please pray for her. I love my daughter.
~Carlena Tuni 04-30-09
Daniel Hawk Hoffman (IL) Fell and busted a rib
-- from our experience, we know it is very painful. At
nearly 70, Hawk is a beloved elder of Manataka and serves on
the Membership Committee. ~ Bear 04-27-09
Preston Lloyd, This little
boy was in a terrible accident when his grandfather backed
over him with a lawn mower. He has a severe open wound on
his left side. The doctors did surgery to get the bleeding
stopped and more surgery is scheduled. His esophagus was
completely ripped from his stomach and they have already had
to remove one of his kidneys, his spleen and part of his
lung. We need to pray for the wisdom and steady hands for
the doctors performing this surgery. Pray that there are
more organ tissues that are usable than the doctors seem to
think. We also need to pray for his grandfather who
backed over him and the entire family. Once again please
remember this child in your prayers and send up a special
prayer for Gods touch - Helen RedWing Vinson 04-26-09
Carlena Joe. Two good friends separated by
space and time need your prayers to keep their
relationship strong with clear communication, love,
respect, and patience. Carlena's mother is
diabetic and needs your prayers as well.
We are praying these two beautiful people are
allowed to be One. ~Bonnie Whitecloud 04-21-09
Update: "...With your Healing Basket prayer, a man came
into my life out of nowhere.
He
comes
every
weekends, he helps me around the house, etc. Cook together and share a
lot
of
things together, our religious is the same, we just enjoying our selves,
he makes me happy. ~Carlena 04-30-09
Kaya,
(California Head Bear Dancer) fluid built up around a small bump
head injury and had to be rushed for emergency surgery in
Bakersfield. The symptoms caused him to lose mobility and
stability of his legs. He came through surgery well. We
do not know when he will be released, so prayers for his full
recovery are needed.
Love and blessings to each of you
as you send out to Kaya your love and
good thoughts.
Xielolixii
04-14-09
Lisa
Thornton (Independence, MO) has had pneumonia for over 3 weeks
now and has been in the hospital since Monday. Her condition is not
improving. Please let Becky and Amanda know. Prayers for her are
much appreciated. Many blessings. Linda VanBibber 04-05-09
Teresa
Sumrall (Gainesville, FL) Please hold our dear friend in prayer and
healing thoughts. She is receiving treatment tomorrow (Friday, April
3rd) for an aggressive form of leukemia -- a bone marrow transplant at
Shands Medical Center.
Thanks so much... Juli
Maltagliati
04-03-09
Terri Ann Miller
(York PA) Terri is a 14 year old in
hospital in PA with a very high fever doctors cannot get down.
She is under emotional stress and needs our prayers. Sickness may
have been sent to the child in an envelop. I am very
worried and concerned for this child. Red Wing 04-01-09
Frank Shapins - A very dear and precious friend is dealing
with a very big challenge with cancer and needing to open some doors so
he can get the treatment he needs. I ask for your prayers to support him
in this challenge, knowing how truly much your prayers held me when I
was in a similar situation.
Many years ago, he saved my
life. I am here in part, due to his care. If possible, I would like to
return a bit of the favor. ~Rev
Betsy Stang 03-29-09
Grandfather Daniel Seven Hawk Eyes Hoffman
(IL) Suffered a stroke in early March
(see related story) -- here is an update: "I just returned from seeing
my doctors. I made a full recovery. I want to thank everyone at my Manataka
family for all the prayers, they really work! I also have many close friends
up North in Minnesota and South Dakota who are 'Pipe Carriers' and they also
helped by doing a full circle pipe ceremony for me. The weather here is
going to be in the high 60's so I may get to turn over some dirt this
afternoon. 03-16-09
FL Grandparents Adopting Grandkids in TN -
Linda and Dave want to "get
our grandkids out of harms was and with us... to give them a loving home and
the family they need..."
But we are going to do all
they ask and pray that it all works out. So keep us in your thoughts and
prayers because we need all that we can get and so do Courtney and Robert.
~Helen RedWing Vinson 03-12-09
Joseph Fernandez (FL) - Heart and stomach problems are causing many
problems - financial, emotional and family, not just physical. Pray
the light reaches him in his time of need. ~Faith Waters
03-11-09
Pray for Jose Fernandez, Superintendent of Hot Springs National Park -
Mental, emotional anguish with some physical issues. 03-11-09
Pray For The Animals, Plants and People in Northern Australia
In the northern part of Queensland and in
central New South Wales the animals, plants and people have been living
through huge
floods for the past 4 weeks or
more with little relief or support. We ask for prayer please.
Lynn Guy 03-04-09
Pray For Rain In
Victoria, Southern Australia - We received this request from an
Aboriginal Elder: As you may know from news reports, bush
fires in southern Australia due to severe drought have devastated
towns, farms and ranches all across the country. 'Relief
funds' are in full swing for those homeless and bereft from the very
worst fire experienced.
We
encourage you to pray for rain. Pray
for rain by simply imagining rain falling on on all our Victorian
forests and bush land areas. See and feel the rain falling, dripping
from the trees and falling on the dry carpet beneath and in places
the ravishing fires. Feel this happening in your heart and give
thanks and gratitude for the continuation of this sacred gift as the
rain saturates and satisfies mother earths deep thirst in this
state, extinguishes the flames and ends any further fire activity.
For most of us fighting the
fires physically is not possible but we can assist by joining
together in collective consciousness not so much praying for rain
but praying RAIN. In love for our earth and all
that she provides.
~Barbara Gipple, John and Grace.
02-26-09
My Sister Gloria,
(Georgetown, WV) Not too good. We can't get an oncologist at
Georgetown to see my sister to treat the lung tumor her and Medicare
will not cover the doctor bills. The doctors want money up front
she had to cancel
her appointments.
If she doesn't get treated soon cancer may travel again to her brain.
Social Services called yesterday and said they are sending her a medical
card but can take 10 days and not sure what it will cover got bill for
the cyber knife treatments at $52,000 dollars each. Please
pray they get the help that is needed. Helen Redwing Vinson
02-27-09
Evan, an Abused Child I
have been talking to another abused child at a home of people I know who
are the foster parents. Two weeks ago he told me he had a brother
and sister he had not seen in a while as his Dad had throwed the boy
out. Another brother, Jake that was older he saw asleep but
couldn't wake him. Last night I found out the police found a grave in a
backyard where Jake (the sleeping boy) was in and the little girl.
Said to say just their bones left. The other boy Dustin is still
missing. The boy in the foster home knows that the missing kids
were reported to the police and every day he said no word yet.. The
foster parents don't know how to tell him the truth and asked my advice.
I am willing to tell him since he told me first But I want the foster
parents there when i do This boy needs all the prayers we can pray for
him
Helen
Redwing Vinson 02-27-09
Judy's Mother Yesterday
was a very difficult day. They were able remove my mom from the respirator
and she was able to breath on her own with just using oxygen, however her
level of being awake is very slight. She shakes her head yes or no to ??
asked but does not open her eyes nor does she try and talk. They found
that she had a blood clot in her lung which was the reason for the
breathing difficulty . But she also suffered from a stroke which affected
both the right and left side of the brain ( the part of the brain that
controls your awareness ) So we are honoring her wishes that she set
forth years ago. As of 7:00 PM last night we started what is called
comfort care only. Which means no IV's no feeding tubes just pain
management . My family and I just want this part of her journey to be as
peaceful as possible, We know that my dad ( who died 6 yrs ago) is
waiting for her. I love you all. Judy 02-20-09
Rachael
Saunders
(Riverdale GA)
I ask for prayers for a wonderful Cherokee
elder that is battling cancer in the hospital. Rachael has been our head
lady for wonderful events at the old plantation and she is currently
battling cancer in her brain. This is her third battle with cancer and
prayer has been there to support her. I am asking that she be added to
everyone's prayer list in this time of need. Many thanks.
Matti Little Bear Nachreiner 02-19-09
Debi Red Hawk Pulido (IL) Underwent surgery and is recovering at home. Thank
all Manataka for their prayers. Nicci Evans
02-09-09
Doctor Robert Trapp (IL)
My arthritis doctor contracted a cancer. Please add his name to those who
need prayers. Daniel Seven Hawk Eyes Hoffman. 02-11-09
Mary Ellen McQuown. Update: The wound on her bottom is healed and her body
is now balanced! Also, my diabetes is under control with medication and diet!!
My blood sugar went from 300 to 180! Sally McQuown. 01-17-09 The
power of prayer is wonderful!
Ernesto and Yellow Stone Bird, Arizona. Both members of Manataka were
struck down with leukemia and are walking their last days on Mother Earth.
They made a good path for their many grandchildren to follow. Please offer
up prayer in ceremony for this couple. ~J. C. Cougar 01-16-09
Did you submit a prayer request above? If
so, please send us an update.
We are reluctant to remove anyone without knowing
if more prayers are needed.
American Indians Crossing Over...
Ernie Zook,
50, Hot Springs, AR is passed away May 20 at St. Joseph
Hospital in Hot Springs, AR Ernie is
well-known as the audio producer for Manataka
Gatherings. His giving, happy spirit is a
blessing to many people.
Please offer up
prayers for this kind and gentle man.
~Bear 05-27-09
Sherman
Timothy (Tim) Wapato: 1935 – 2009,
73,
entered the Spirit World at his home in Rapid City, S.D. Sunday, April 19, 2009
as a result of heart failure. He was an enrolled member of the Colville
Confederated Tribe in Eastern Washington.
During the 21 years Wapato served with the LAPD, he volunteered his off-duty
time to work for the City of Los Angeles including serving as chairman of the
Los Angeles City-County Native American Indian Commission; member of the Council
for Peace and Equality in Education; member of the board for the LA Indian
Center; president, United American Indian Council; and president, American
Indian Welcome House.
In
1989, Wapato accepted a Senior Executive Service political appointment and
became the commissioner of the Administration for Native Americans in the
Department of Health and Human Services. He led ANA from 1989 – 1993. In
his fourth retirement, Wapato served as executive director of the InterTribal
Bison Cooperative in Rapid City until he experienced a stroke in August 2000.
Palakwaio (
Red Hawk ) Riley,
Cumming, GA - Started
his journey to the land of the ancestors as he passed away in his
sleep. My brother is eternally grateful for all the love, prayers
and healing energy because it gave him the chance to be around a
week longer to make all the connections with everyone that he needed
to make. Our family will miss him along with others whose life he
touched along the road of life. He helped save some children from
the streets of Atlanta after the Olympics there. He is at peace and
smiling as he journeys with the ancestors. My family and myself are
very grateful also for all the outpouring of love, prayers and
healing energy that was sent from around the world to my brother.
~Crooked
Arrow 05-01-09
Carol
Jean Vigil died at Tesuque Pueblo, NM
at the age of 61. Family
members say she died in her sleep at home and had a number of health
problems. Vigil was elected to New Mexico's 1st Judicial District,
which includes Santa Fe, Rio Arriba and Los Alamos counties, in June
1998. Santa Fe attorney Bryant Rogers says she was very serious
about her work, thoughtful and well prepared. Vigil received
her law degree from the University of New Mexico in 1977. She
was the first pueblo Indian woman to be admitted to the state bar.
Her husband, Philip Palmer, says she served as assistant state
attorney general under Jeff Bingaman, who is now a U.S. senator.
Vigil retired from district court in 2005.
Ray Fadden, 98, Mohawk. Fadden taught social studies at the St. Regis
Mohawk School from 1936 to 1957 and later founded the Six Nations Indian Museum
in Onchiota, New York. He was adopted into the Mohawk Nation's wolf clan
and given the name Tehanetorens (He Walks Through the Pines).
Mary McDowell Hansen, 86, Samish. Hansen played
an instrumental role in the battle for federal recognition of her tribe who were
dispersed by the federal government in the late 1800's.
Rosella Hightower, 88, Choctaw. Hightower was a
world-renowned ballerina and started of the world's top ballet schools.
Hightower was the recipient of many honors including the Chevalier de la Legion
d'Honneur, France's premier honor.
Jim
Main Sr., elder and warrior was an
integral part in the founding and creation of IEN, and was a long term National
Council member for IEN. He was also a member of the International Indigenous
Treaty Council and the Grand Governing Council of the American Indian Movement.
His teachings of wisdom and the memory of his humor and traditional songs will
stay with us. Ga-a-woo-wuss
(Coyote Bear), a.k.a. James Main, Sr., of the White Clay Nation died peacefully
in his sleep at approximately 4:30 a.m. on January 29, 2009. His hard-fought
battle with End-Stage Congestive Heart Failure over the past several years
finally took its toll about two weeks ago. ~Scott Treaty
Vi Hilbert, 90, Salish. Hilbert devoted her life
to preserving the Coast Salish and Lushootseed languages. In 1989 she was
selected as Washington State Living Treasure and in 1994 was presented a
National Heritage Fellowship.
Ernest Moore, Jr., 73, Hopi. Moore was a
talented katsina carver. Although he started his craft late in life, he
garnered many awards and accolades for his excellent creative work.
J.B. Tanner, 84, Navajo. An influential Indian trader
from Gallup, NM, Tanner spent more than 50 years improving the quality and
quantity of American Indian-made art and crafts. He spoke the Navajo
language fluently.
Memorials...
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In Memory of Bill Prezwoznik
Bill Prezwoznik
was one of the four founders
of Manataka. His
wisdom and love guided
Manataka through its infancy
and his words and unselfish
deeds are often remembered.
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In Memory of
Corbin Harney
Corbin
Harney Spiritual Leader of the Western Shoshone Nation who
dedicated his life to fighting the nuclear testing and dumping. He loved
and cared for his family, friends and all creation. |
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In Memory of Granny Messenger
She had over
a 1,000 grandchildren but never
bore a child. Her memory will live with us
forever. Veronica Messenger was a wonderful school teacher, political
activist, owner of "Granny's
Junkology" and constant
supporter of Manataka.
She was loved greatly.
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In Memory of
Lance Selvidge
Webster’s definition of a Martyr: 1: A person who voluntarily
suffers death as the penalty of witnessing to and refusing to renounce a belief.
2: A person who sacrifices something of great value, especially life itself for
the sake of principle. Lance, we are all better because you walked this
world, we will all become better because you look back with eyes from the angels
world. Thank You. The Selvidge Family. Little River Rock.
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In Memory of Ruby Gilliham
We will
always remember this gracious and beautiful woman in our hearts. She will
remain a part of Manataka forever. (picture:
Members of the Kootenai-Salish Tribe
assist with her funeral. Greg Gilliham, Little
Rock.
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March 2009
ELDER COUNCIL MEETING
The Elder Council meeting scheduled for March 15 was postponed as some
elders traveled out of state. Elders frequently communicate by telephone
and email.
Any member who
wishes to appear before the Elder Council is invited to write
manataka@sbcglobal.net or call
501-627-055 to be placed on the agenda.
Women's
Council - Becky Flaming Owl Woman Moore, committee leader
NAGPRA
- Patti Blue Star Speaks Burdette, committee leader
Secretary / Historian / Counseling - Lee
Standing Bear, committee leader
Public
Relations - Linda VanBibber,
committee leader
Education -
Robert Gray Hawk Coke, committee leader
Membership
- Bobby Runninbear, committee leader,
- Daniel Hawk Hoffman , co-leader
Details of the Elder Council meetings are presented to the general membership
following the meeting.
NOTICE 1: REGULAR MEMBERSHIP
MEETINGS -
1:00 p.m., 3rd Sunday each month at Gulpha Gorge. In
case of inclement weather (rain, sleet, snow, below 40 degrees) we meet
Ryan's Restaurant located at 4538 Central Avenue across from Hot Springs
Mall.
Gatherings are normally held on the 3rd weekend of June (closest to the Summer
Solstice) and the 3rd weekend of October (closest to the Winter Solstice).
The date of the Spring Encampment is usually the 3rd weekend of April but varies from year to year.
NOTICE 2: WOMEN’S COUNCIL MEETINGS -
11:30 a.m., 1st Saturday each month. Contact:
Becky Moore
NOTICE
3:
PAID YOUR DUES?
Now is a good time to support the many programs, services and events of MAIC.
We can always use a donation. Pay by check or credit card online. It's easy,
secure and fast!
Click
Here
Or send to: MAIC, PO Box 476, Hot Springs, AR 71902
NOTICE 4:
MATERIAL DONATIONS NEEDED BY
MANATAKA
1. 30 gallon plastic storage boxes
with lids.
2.
LAND - Donate land to be used as financing leverage for to build
a cultural center. Any size/location is acceptable. Tax benefits may apply.
3.
MEMORIAL GIFTS - When a friend or relative passes, honor their memory and
send a tax deductible contribution to MAIC and we will send the family
a beautiful letter and memorial certificate in your name.
Memorial ceremonies are given several times a year on the sacred mountain.
NOTICE 5:
FOOD BASKETS NEEDED NOW!
people are hungry often throughout the year. Please bring
or send non-perishable food items. Gift cards for food from Walmart, Safeway and
other stores are great.
THANK
YOU TO EVERYONE WHO DONATED
STAMPS, PAPER AND OTHER SUPPLIES!
|
Publisher: |
Manataka American Indian Council PO Box 476 Hot Springs, AR 71902-0476 501-627-0555
manataka@sbcglobal.net
http://www.manataka.org
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|
Editor: |
Lee Standing Bear Moore
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|
MAIC
Correspondents: |
Jennifer Attaway, Alabama
Sheri Awi Anida Waya Burnett,
Georgia
Robert King Coke - Grey Hawk, Texas
Bonnie Two Owl Feathers Delcourt, New Hampshire
Maxine Elisi Swan Dancer Fulgham
Crystal Harvey, Arkansas
Carol Henderson
Hawk With Seven Eyes Hoffman, Illinois
John James, Missouri
Julie Maltagliati, Florida
Grandmother Selma
Palmer, Florida
Carol Perez Petersen, California
Magdala Ramirez, Arkansas
Bobby Joe Runninbear, Tennessee
RedWing and Gray Beard Vinson,
Tennessee
Osceola Birdman Waters, Australia
Waynonaha Two Worlds, New York
Linda VanBibber, Missouri
Liora Leah Zack, California
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|
Contributors: |
Blue Panther Keeper of Stories
David Cornsilk, Oklahoma
Don Coyhis
Andrea Crambit, California
Harvey Walks With Hawks Doyle, Jr.,
Kentucky
Romaine Garcia, Colorado
Dr. Donald A. Grinde, Jr.
Valerie Eagle Heart
Dr. Bruce E. Johansen
Mark and Carla Maslin, New Mexico
Dr. Joseph Mercola
Organic Consumers Association
Elvina Jean Paulson
Corina Roberts, California
Scott
Treaty, Lakota
Union of Concerned Scientists
Qwina H. and Irma West, Piaute
Amy Worthington, Idaho
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SMOKE SIGNAL NEWS ARCHIVES
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and Copyright Information
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This is in accordance with Title 17 U. S. C. section 107.
Reprinted under the Fair Use doctrine of international copyright
law.
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.html
Non-profit/Teaching/Educational
©2009 ManatakaTM
American Indian Council. The word "Manataka"
is a registered trademark exclusively owned by the Manataka
American Indian Council. Use of this
trademark without the expressed written permission of MAIC is
prohibited and violators will be prosecuted. 15 U.S.C. Section
1051(a), (b). The Smoke Signal News is copyrighted in its
entirety and no reproduction, republishing, copying, or
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prosecuted.
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